Warmer R2R - Tube-Buffered R2R Desktop DAC

The FiiO WARMER R2R combines vintage tube warmth with modern R2R resistor-ladder digital-to-analog conversion. At its core is a fully differential 24-bit R2R DAC architecture using 192 precision resistors, designed to provide natural timbre, excellent micro-detail, and an organic presentation reminiscent of classic analog playback.

Four JJ Electronic E88CC vacuum tubes operate as a buffer stage, adding harmonic richness and smoothness while maintaining resolution and clarity. Users can select between NOS (Non-Oversampling) mode for a purer, more direct signal path, or OS (Oversampling) mode for enhanced refinement and smoother frequency extension.

Connectivity includes USB-C supporting PCM up to 384 kHz / 32-bit and DSD256, optical (TOSLINK), and coaxial digital inputs. Dual analog outputs are provided via single-ended RCA and balanced XLR, with simultaneous output supported for system flexibility.

A robust 46 W low-noise linear power supply with a toroidal transformer ensures stable, clean power delivery. Large illuminated analog VU meters provide classic visual feedback, complementing the retro-inspired chassis design with passive ventilation for thermal stability.

This is a statement DAC built for enthusiasts seeking musicality, warmth, and a distinctly analog character in a modern digital system.

• DAC Architecture: Fully differential 24-bit R2R resistor array (192 resistors)
• Tube Buffer: 4 × JJ Electronic E88CC vacuum tubes
• Digital Inputs: USB-C (PCM 384 kHz/32-bit, DSD256), optical (PCM 96 kHz/24-bit), coaxial (PCM 192 kHz/24-bit)
• Line Outputs: Balanced XLR, single-ended RCA (simultaneous support)
• USB Mode: UAC 1.0 / UAC 2.0 hardware selectable
• Playback Modes: NOS / OS up to 384 kHz
• Frequency Response: ~20 Hz – 45 kHz
• SNR: ≥114 dB (A-weighted)
• Noise Floor: ≤7 µV (A-weighted)
• THD+N: ≤0.053 % (1 kHz/-7 dB@10 kΩ)
• Power Supply: 46 W low-noise toroidal linear transformer
• Display: Dual analog VU meters with LED backlight
• Dimensions: ~223.5 × 213 × 66.8 mm
• Weight: ~2865 g
• Finish: Black or Silver
• User Controls: Power button, input selector knob, OS/NOS toggle, USB mode toggle

• Fully differential 24-bit R2R resistor ladder DAC architecture
• 192 precision resistors in R2R array design
• Four JJ Electronic E88CC vacuum tubes as buffer stage
• Switchable NOS and OS playback modes
• USB-C, optical, and coaxial digital inputs
• Balanced XLR and single-ended RCA analog outputs
• Simultaneous XLR and RCA output supported
• UAC 1.0 / UAC 2.0 USB compatibility switch
• 46 W low-noise linear power supply with toroidal transformer
• Large illuminated analog VU meters
• Retro-inspired aluminum chassis with passive cooling